PROGRAM HEADS' LIVED EXPERIENCES OF LEADERSHIP PRACTICES IN IMPLEMENTING INSTRUCTIONAL SUPERVISION MODELS
instructional supervision, instructional leadership, program heads, phenomenology, higher education, teacher development
INSTRUCTIONAL SUPERVISION MODELS
Abstract
Instructional supervision plays a critical role in enhancing teaching quality and improving student learning outcomes in higher education. In tertiary institutions, program heads serve as key instructional leaders responsible for mentoring, evaluating, and guiding faculty members.
This study explored the lived experiences of program heads in implementing instructional supervision models in private higher education institutions in Davao City. Using a qualitative phenomenological design anchored in Husserlian phenomenology, the research examined how program heads perceive and enact their supervisory leadership roles. Ten program heads with at least three years of supervisory experience were purposively selected. Data were gathered through semi-structured in-depth interviews and analyzed using Colaizzi’s seven-step phenomenological method.
Findings revealed four major themes: guiding and supporting responsibility, instructional guidelines as strategic anchors, leadership as a strategic and transformational function, and standard leadership and accountability. Program heads described instructional supervision as a relational and developmental practice centered on mentoring, collaborative dialogue, and continuous improvement of teaching practices. However, they also reported challenges such as administrative workload, faculty resistance, policy constraints, and limited resources.
The study highlights that effective instructional supervision extends beyond compliance monitoring and is deeply shaped by leadership philosophy, institutional culture, and systemic conditions. Strengthening leadership development programs, mentoring frameworks, and institutional support mechanisms is recommended to enhance supervisory effectiveness and sustain instructional quality in higher education.
Registration ID: IJVRA_701894 Published ID: IJVRA2603446
"PROGRAM HEADS' LIVED EXPERIENCES OF LEADERSHIP PRACTICES IN IMPLEMENTING INSTRUCTIONAL SUPERVISION MODELS", IJVRA - International Journal of Versatile Research and Analysis (www.IJVRA.org), ISSN:2984-8903, Vol.4, Issue 3, page no.409-419, March-2026, Available :https://ijpub.org/ijvra/papers/IJVRA2603446.pdf
Paper Reg. ID: IJVRA_701894
Published Paper Id: IJVRA2603446
Research Area: Other area not in list
Country: Manila, Manila, Philippines
ISSN: 2984-8903 | IMPACT FACTOR: 9.12 Calculated By Google Scholar | ESTD YEAR: 2023
An International UGC CARE JOURNAL PUBLICATION Low Cost (₹599), Scholarly Open Access, Peer-Reviewed, Refereed Journal Impact Factor 9.12 Calculate by Google Scholar and Semantic Scholar | AI-Powered Research Tool, Multidisciplinary, Monthly, Multilanguage, Crossref DOI Member Journal Indexing in All Major Database & Metadata, Citation Generator
Publisher: IJVRA (IJ Publication) Janvi Wave
© 2026 - Authors hold the copyright of this article. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License and The Open Definition.
This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0). 🛡️ Disclaimer:
The content, data, and findings in this article are based on the authors’ research and have been peer-reviewed for academic purposes only. Readers are advised to verify all information before practical or commercial use. The journal and its editorial board are not liable for any errors, losses, or consequences arising from its use.
: Click Here to Get
About Hard Copy and Transparent Peer Review Report
